| Program Description |
MD. PATHOLOGY
Goal
The goal of postgraduate medical education shall be to produce a competent specialist and / or a medical teacher as stated in the Post Graduate Medical Education Regulations 2000 and its amendments thereof [May2018]
(i) Who shall recognize the health needs of the community, and carry out professional obligations ethically and in keeping with the objectives of the national health policy.
(ii) Who shall have mastered most of the competencies, pertaining to the specialty, that are required to be practiced at the secondary and the tertiary levels of the health care delivery system.
(iii) Who shall be aware of the contemporary advances and developments in the discipline concerned.
(iv) Who shall have acquired a spirit of scientific inquiry and is oriented to the principles of research methodology and epidemiology, and
(v) Who shall have acquired the basic skills in teaching of the medical and paramedical professionals.
General Objectives
At the end of the postgraduate training in the discipline concerned the student shall be able to:
(i) Recognize the importance of the concerned specialty in the context of the health need of the community and the national priorities in the health sector.
(ii) Practice the specialty concerned ethically and in step with the principles of primary health care.
(iii) Demonstrate sufficient understanding of the basic sciences relevant to the concerned specialty.
(iv) Identify social, economic, environmental, biological and emotional determinants of health in a given case, and take them into account while planning therapeutic, rehabilitative, preventive and promotive measures/strategies.
(v) Diagnose and manage majority of the conditions in the specialty concerned on the basis of clinical assessment, and appropriately selected and conducted investigations.
(vi) Plan and advice measures for the prevention and rehabilitation of patients suffering from disease and disability related to the specialty.
(vii) Demonstrate skills in documentation of individual case details as well as morbidity and mortality data relevant to the assigned situation.
(viii) Demonstrate empathy and humane approach towards patients and their families and exhibit interpersonal behaviour in accordance with the societal norms and expectations.
(ix) Play the assigned role in the implementation of national health programs, effectively and responsibly.
(x) Organize and supervise the chosen/assigned health care services demonstrating adequate managerial skills in the clinic/hospital or the field situation.
(xi) Develop skills as a self-directed learner; recognize continuing educational needs, select and use appropriate learning resources.
(xii) Demonstrate competence in basic concept of research methodology and epidemiology, and be able to critically analyse relevant published research literature.
(xiii) Develop skills in using educational methods and techniques as applicable to the teaching of medical/nursing students, general physicians and paramedical health workers.
(xiv) Function as an effective leader of a team engaged in health care, research or training.
Statement of the Competencies
Keeping in view the general objectives of postgraduate training, each discipline shall aim at development of specific competencies, which shall be defined and spelt out in clear terms. Each department shall produce a statement and bring it to the notice of the trainees in the beginning of the program so that he or she can direct the efforts towards the attainment of these competencies.
Components of the PG Curriculum
The major components of the PG curriculum shall be:
• Theoretical knowledge
• Practical/clinical Skills
• Training in writing thesis/research articles
• Attitudes, including communication.
• Training in research methodology, medical ethics & medicolegal aspects
• Teaching skills to the undergraduates, juniors and support teams.
After completing, post graduate medical education in pathology, the student should be capable of
directing and managing laboratory services and be able to:
1. Serve as a consultant to physicians on cost-effective test strategies and interpretation of results
2. Select, evaluate, and apply laboratory instruments and procedures appropriate to the screening,
diagnostic, and monitoring needs of clinical decision making
3. Plan, organize, staff and direct laboratory resources
4. Use the techniques of medical informatics to acquire and manage data, translate data to
clinically useful information, and communicate that information in support of patient care
and educational programs
5. Play an influential role in medical staff and health-care delivery activities that reach beyond
the confines of the laboratory
6. Recognize the health needs of the community and carry out professional obligation ethically
and in keeping with the objectives of the national health policy.
7. Should master most of the competencies, pertaining to the specialty, that are required to be
practiced at the secondary and tertiary levels of the healthcare delivery system.
8. Should be aware of contemporary advances and developments in the discipline concerned
9. Should have acquired a spirit of scientific inquiry and oriented to the principles of research
methodology and epidemiology.
10. Should have acquired the basic skills in teaching of the medical and paramedical
professionals.
A. General Competency Statements:
The learning objectives in the cognitive, psychomotor and affective domains are:
A. Cognitive Domain
1. Diagnose routine and complex clinical problems on the basis of
histopathology (surgical pathology) and cytopathology specimens, blood and
bone marrow examination and various tests of Laboratory Medicine (clinical
pathology, clinical biochemistry) as well as Blood Banking (Transfusion
Medicine).
2. Interpret and correlate clinical and laboratory data so that clinical
manifestations of diseases can be explained.
3. Advise on the appropriate specimens and tests necessary to arrive at a
diagnosis in a problematic case.
4. Correlate clinical and laboratory findings with pathology findings at autopsy,
identify miscorrelations and the causes of death due to diseases (apart from
purely metabolic causes).
5. Should be able to teach Pathology to undergraduates, postgraduates, nurses
and paramedical staff including laboratory personnel.
6. Plan, execute, analyse and present research work.
7. Make and record observations systematically and maintain accurate records of
tests and their results for reasonable periods of time. Identify problems in the
laboratory, offer solutions thereof and maintain a high order of quality control.
8. Capable of safe and effective disposal of laboratory waste.
9. Able to supervise and work with subordinates and colleagues in a laboratory.
B. Affective Domain
1. Should be able to function as a part of a team, develop an attitude of
cooperation with colleagues, and interact with the patient and the clinician or
other colleagues to provide the best possible diagnosis or opinion.
2. Always adopt ethical principles and maintain proper etiquette in dealings with
patients, relatives and other health personnel and to respect the rights of the
patient including the right to information and second opinion.
3. Develop communication skills to word reports and professional opinion as
well as to interact with patients, relatives, peers and paramedical staff, and for
effective teaching.
C. Psychomotor Domain
1. Able to perform routine tests in a Pathology Laboratory including grossing of
specimens, processing, cutting of paraffin and frozen sections, making smears,
and staining.
2. Able to collect specimens by routinely performing non-invasive out-patient
procedures such as venipuncture, finger-prick, fine needle aspiration of
superficial lumps and bone-marrow aspirates, and provide appropriate help to
colleagues performing an invasive procedure such as a biopsy or an imaging
guided biopsy.
3. Perform an autopsy, dissect various organ complexes and display the gross
findings.
4. Should be familiar with the function, handling and routine care of equipments
in the laboratory.
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