| Program Description |
Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) has gained impetus in the latter half of the 20th century. Provisions in municipal laws, across jurisdictions, have enabled the courts to direct the parties to choose their preferred way of resolving disputes (given an express agreement or intention to do so). As such, it might be correct to state that adjudication by courts becomes an alternative to a dispute resolution system agreed by the parties. Dispute resolution clauses in bilateral agreements and private contracts have evolved to cater pre-dispute and post-dispute settlement through arbitration, mediation, negotiation, or conciliation. To this end, the Singapore Convention or the recent codification of pre-litigation mediation, specifically in commercial matters, has created a demand for specialists in alternate modes of dispute resolution. Thus, the growing significance of various alternative dispute resolution mechanisms, in both commercial as well as non-commercial matters, is undeniable.
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